by Anita R. Grey
We did a research about motivation in our company and here is a small summary.
Organizational Theory and Behaviour: Four Theoretical Contributions
The historical context has forced the four theoretical contributions which are central to the understanding of today’s organizations to emerge during the times of Industrial Revolution when a great number of people had to work together under a certain set of rules to archive and a common objective.
I. Scientific Management, 1909. Frederick Winslow Taylor, an American mechanical engineer.
Main idea: simplification and optimization of work processes with scientifically calculated solutions (the best way to do any type of workplace task (Baumgart & Neuhauser, 2009)) offered to a manager to reduce production time and increase productivity in workers (efficiency).
Principles: 1. determine the most efficient way to perform a task using scientific method ( Payne et al., 2006); 2. capability and motivation based job assigning; 3. performance monitoring & supervision; 4. manager-worker work time.
Innovation: first time work processes were studied scientifically – “time and motion” studies (Krenn, 2011); workers and managers cooperation.
Motivation: Money.
Criticised for: common sense and judgement of workers/managers is disregarded (Lægaard & Bindslev, 2006) and reduces workers’ creativity.
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